Regarding the development of the cities and increasing human s interference in natural\nsources, evaluation of appearance has been set forth as the most outstanding strategy to reach\nstable development which is one of the basic considerations in treating with natural\nenvironment especially in tourism industry, recreation and making environmental qualities.\nSo it is necessary to preserve, manage and design these landscapes regarding visual quality to\ndetermine degree, kind and method of interfering. Regarding that the main factors in creating\nsuch attractive environments as ideal landscape to produce a degree of echoing beauty are the\nfactors of time and movement in environment, so with looking at practice environment of\nUrban planning in four dimensions and considering time as the fourth one, effectiveness of\nthis issue in methods of environment understanding, the importance of places during the time,\nendurance and adaptability become very clear in the process of Urban planning in practice.\nThe present study considers the issue of beauty quality through compiling the criteria,\nevaluation and assessment based on time dimension in city vision which is formed based on\nvision and understanding of the viewer in space grounded on person s movement and\nformation of consequent perspectives and their mental understanding. Certainly it represents\na method to evaluate city vision qualitatively to reach Urban planning goals which includes\npsychology, sociology and art. The main purpose of the study is reaching to the concept of\nbeauty in city perspective and giving the perspectives the feeling of place and making\nrelationship with beauty quality in city space. First we consider the related concepts and then\nthrough extracting a set of criteria resulted from visual-perceptive analysis, we explain them\nin the form of evaluation tables and finally planning strategies and solutions are presented in\nthe form of pre-planning.

Mostly, shipping lines send the container ships to the port periodically and with planning. Consequently, their arrival distribution function must follow the deterministic distribution logically. But meanwhile, the ships may do not arrive to the port on time due to any reason such as the weather condition and unexpected cases and the ships` arrival distribution pertained to a shipping line is placed in a mode between random and deterministic mode. The main objective of the present paper is to determine the arrival distribution function of the container ships in shipping terminals. Therefore, the possibility of the ships` arrival and their arrival trend should be considered in determining the distribution. Usually, the inter-arrival distribution of ships should be investigated only for a terminal subsystem or berth. But in the present study, the inter-arrival distribution of the container ships to Shahid Raiaii port in three levels of port, terminal and berth has been investigated using available data and it has been concluded that these intervals follow weibull distribution. Chi-square and Kolmogorov-smirnov tests have been used to test the fitness of the distribution function.

Theoretically the present study conceptualizes the idea of third place in local\nlibraries. Widespread adaptation of environmental services and comfortable sitting\nplace has generalized library as a pleasurable place. Discussing the social theories\nof location, in the present study we follow that the context of third place has\nchanged during the time and whether we can call libraries as third places.\nMethodology of the present research is qualitative to great extents. Designing\ninterviews with libraries heads considering their practical purposes and using a\nfirm concentrated group to discuss and speak with users was done in relation with\ntheir experiences. However this study draws quantitative information in the form\nof face to face questioning and answering and addressee-based considerations.\nGenerally the results of the present study showed the main purpose of the\ndiscussions which is creating and changing a place to a third place. While the\nexperience of user to local libraries has been usually positive and have received an\nenjoyable experience from the environment, these places can t be called third\nplace because they don t have chat among themselves. The important and notable\npoint is that designing an interior coffee shop attends the issue of socialization\namong the users of the libraries more. The study s scope is limited to local\nlibraries in Iran. Future research should study the concept of third place in\ndifferent cultures and bigger societies and provide suggestions and strategies for\nheads of libraries considering the environmental potentials of the place.

Strategic management is a process to guarantee gaining benefits of applying organizational strategies. To apply strategic management intellectually and thoughtfully, internal issues of organization and environment should be considered. In other words, organizational climate is significant in this regard. Motivating staff, improving staff mentality, allowing participation of individuals in decision making processes and enhancement of innovation are some adequate issues within an organizational climate. It can be also an important resource for staff mental health. Hence, change in any part of organizational climate may lead to rapid change in staff performance and work style. Accordingly, the study aims at assessing relation between strategic management and organizational climate in governmental organizations’ policy. Therefore, with regard to collected data, research hypothesis and their analysis have been evaluated through descriptive statistics. Applied descriptive statistics in the study include frequency tables, data schematics, and central indices. Inferential methods are also as follows: factor analysis, one-way variance analysis and two-way variance analysis in SPSS program. Finally, through assessing obtained results, it could be found that there is significant relationship among the three variables of strategic management, organizational climate and governmental organizations’ policy. Therefore, strategic management would have successful performance through considering organizational climate in policies of governmental organizations.

Today, the most valuable capital of each organization is its thoughtful, creative and motivated human resource. Institutionalization of human resources is a way to achieve sustainable development in institutions, moreover, human resource is known as the most influential factor of making changes during the recent years. According to role of human resources, the present paper considers institutionalization of human resources according to organizational culture and commitment in Safa Company located in Iran. Therefore, after determining concepts of institutionalization, human resources, and effect of institutionalization on improvement of organization, some strategies would be represented that help to achieve the purpose. Method used in this research is related to an analytic study that works on institutionalizing human resources in organizations. As a result, this analytic study represents practical strategies to institutionalize sustainable development in organizations.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the emotional intelligence with irrational beliefs and their test anxiety and also their academic achievements in bachelor and associate degrees. The statistical population involved in this study included all the accounting students in Azad University, Ghorveh Branch in the academic year 2012-13. The sample involved in this study included 100 accounting students selected randomly through the random sampling procedure and based on the statistical methodology principles of correlational studies. In this study, the 90-item Bar-on Emotional Quotient Inventory, the questionnaire of Irrational Belief of Jones which includes 100 questions, and also the 25 item test anxiety questionnaire by Abolghasemi et al; were used in addition to the students’ second semester average. Results showed that there are significant negative correlation between students’ emotional intelligence with their irrational beliefs and test anxiety, and Results showed that there are significant positive correlations between students’ irrational beliefs and their test anxiety, and also results showed that there are significant positive correlation between students’ emotional intelligence with academic achievements; and also that there are significant negative correlation between students’ irrational beliefs and test anxiety with academic achievements. The results also revealed that there is no significant difference between the emotional intelligence of the male and female students, but there are significant differences in male and female students’ irrational beliefs and test anxiety, suggesting that irrational beliefs and test anxiety of female students was greater than male students.

Abstract\nPolitical development or increasing capacity and effectiveness of political systems in solving conflicts of individual and institutional interests, the status of democratization, liberty and fundamental changes in societies have always been considered as a main aim. Although given definitions and components for political \"Ideal Type\" by different groups are different, and so different directions are drawn for future, but what is considered as common base in all of these perspectives about political development is a humanistic panorama as the aim of political development. Studying the cultural backgrounds of Islamic societies this paper searches for analyzing the type of political culture of Islamic countries that it makes possible to achieve political development.\nThe data that have been analyzed in the present study are taken from World Values Survey (WVS). Data related to 13 countries of fifth wave (2005-2008) have been taken from this database that in sum include 21,358 questionnaires. Nine of these countries are Islamic ones. The referent country, Norway has the highest rate in terms of survival values and countries of Japan, Australia, and Bulgaria having the intermediate rates in terms of survival values, of course, democratic are also the other studied samples.\nThe results of the research are interpretable in two ways: in first way, data-based results remind us that political culture of Islamic countries can be categorized in three different groups: in first category, there is Turkey which its survival values or political culture is co-ranked with democratic countries and in this term, it has cultural background for transition to democracy. In second category, there are countries of Iran, Morocco, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Iraq that Iran, Malaysia and Indonesia have a little differences with democratic countries. In this group, as mentioned by some scientists, Iran enjoys better status, so Inglehart et al. have described the situation of Iran as following: Iran is one of significant exceptions that political culture of its people enjoys high levels of ranking. Among all Islamic countries, Iran has the most appropriate cultural background (Inglehart et al., 1389: 222) or Tato Vanhanen (2003: 134) in \"Democratizing among Islamic countries\" mentions Iran as \"The Best Chance for Transition\". And finally, the third category includes Egypt, Mali, and Jordan that the rates of difference between their values with democratic countries are much more. According to second viewpoint, it seems that the path of democracy in Islamic countries and western ones has significant differences, in the other words, due to Islamic context of Muslim countries; they are searching for their intended type of democracy or religious democracy

Websites on the internet are the significant sources of information in our day-to-day activity. Hence, this made an enormous growth of World Wide Web in to amount of traffic, its size and complexity of websites. Web Usage Mining (WUM) is one of the major applications of data mining, artificial intelligence and so on to the web data to predict the user’s visiting behaviour and obtain their interest by analyzing the patterns.Weblog is one of the major sources which contain all the information regarding the users visited links, browsing patterns and time spent on a page or link. This information can be used in several applications like adaptive web sites, personalized services, customer profiling, pre-fetching and creating attractive web sites.WUM consists of preprocessing, pattern discovery and pattern analysis. Log data is typically noisy and unclear, so preprocessing is an essential process for effective mining process.Pattern Discovery step is used in finding the user access patterns from web access log. Clustering is one of the typical algorithms in the field of data mining. The main objective of this paper is to organize a website into a set of clusters, which consists of “similar” data items based on the user behavior and navigation patterns. There are numerous clustering algorithms like K-Means, Possibilistic C-Means, etc., developed by many researchers. In recent times, Fuzzy C-Means is found to be superior as its embedded fuzzy logic. In noisy atmosphere, the memberships of FCM constantly do not correspond well to the degree of belonging of the data, and might be inexact. This paper uses a novel clustering algorithm called Weighted Fuzzy-Possibilistic C-Means (WFPCM) algorithm, which integrates extended partition entropy and inter class resemblance which is computed from the fuzzy set point of view and it needs only the membership matrix and possibilistic matrix, and is free from heavy distance computing.The performance of the proposed research work is evaluated using the parametric standards like accuracy, execution time and convergence behaviour for three data sets namely Anonymous Microsoft Web Dataset, MSNBC.com Anonymous Web Dataset and Real dataset.

Introduction: Unusual menstrual bleeding is a most common adverse effects of IUD users, leading to discontinuation of usage or iron deficiency anemia in consumers. Considering intensive tendency to the use of herbal preparations, this study aimed to investigate the effect of cumin on menstrual bleeding in IUD users. Materials and Methods:\nA randomized, triple blind and crossover clinical trial study performed on 100 women with IUD who have passed Inclusion criteria to enter the study, comming to the 6 selected health centers in the Karaj city (west of Tehran), Iran. The study was conducted in three phases: At first, during one cycle, menstrual bleeding of all participants were measured by using Hygam table, in the second phase, individuals were randomly divided into two groups: mefenamic acid group and cumin group. Each group received relevant capsules during two consecutive menstrual cycles. In the third step, for each of the individuals, in two other consecutive cycles, the opposite group treatment method were repeated, by replaceing drugs with the same specifications. \nThe amount and duration of menstrual bleeding during this five cycles, measured by using Hygam chart and eventually, statistical data were analyzed and compared.\n \nResults:\n After 2 cycles of intervention, The average amount of menstrual bleeding in both groups (cumin and mefenamic acid) decreased (P<0.001).\nAfter two cycles of treatment, comparing the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference, in the average of Hygam score, (P=0.62).\n \nConclusion:\nThis study showed that the Cumin capsule can effectively reduce the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding,so it seems that it could be recommended to decrease menstrual bleeding in IUD users.

A pressure control valve of a spray-multipoint system (diaphragm) belonging to an injection engine (1600cc) to adjust fuel pressure has been considered. This valve is installed at the tail of the fuel manifold to control the fuel pressure with using Electrical Motor System (EMS). In this investigation, the performance of valve has been explained as well as mathematical equations. Subsequently, vibrative model of diaphragm and its free vibration are analyzed in continuance. Element Free Galerkin (EFG) method and ANSYS software have been used in order to analyze natural frequency diaphragm. EFG method utilizes moving least squares (MLS) approximately to make shape functions based on a set of nodes scattered in the problem domain. The dynamic equations of the system are formulated by using the Lagrangian equations. The main boundary conditions are imposed through using their weak forms with Lagrange multipliers. Orthogonal transmission technique is used to implement the main boundary conditions in the eigenvalue equations. The present EFG method is coded in FORTRAN. Moreover, dimensionless fundamental frequency of vibrative model related to valve diaphragm which has complicated shape has been obtained through several types of difficult boundary conditions and using two aforementioned methods. Very appropriate agreements have been acquired by comparing the gained results.

Regression testing is a re-testing technique to test the changes, which is taken in the modified or enhanced application to ensure that the changes do not impairment the accessible behavior of the application. Modifications in the applications mainly focus on three types namely binding, process and interfaces. In order to accomplish the regression testing for a modified portion of an application, test cases are selected from a test suite. Selection and generation of the test cases are more important and also it is a tough process in regression testing. In this article, we proposed a technique to automatically generate the test cases for testing the changes of various versions of BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) dataset. We construct a hierarchical test tree (HTT) for both the new and old versions composite services that are modified for an application and also for the unmodified. The changes are tracked by analyzing the control flow of both trees constructed above using the BPEL dataset. We analyzed the performance of the proposed technique and the experimental results showed that our method performs well than the earlier techniques.

This paper proposes a different approach based on Metaheuristic Algorithm is presented for selecting region of interest in mammogram image. The process is carried out on the basis of image segmentation. The foraging behavior of monkey is optimized as Monkey Search Optimization (MSO) which is the subset of the metaheuristic algorithm. Pectoral region removed image is given as input for feature extraction. To solve complex problems by cooperation the behaviors are considered. Several algorithms based on population-based metaheuristic algorithms were introduced in the literatures to solve different problems like optimization problems; it is proven by result that the proposed approach has the potential to be an appropriate algorithm for image segmentation. Results are presented based on simulation made with the implementation in MATLAB which is tested on the images of MIAS database.

Starting system plays crucial role in vehicle operation and failure in which causes engine staring problem. Vehicle starting system failure detection is a challenging task, especially for the inexperienced mechanics and drivers. The success of finding the fault is extremely dependent on the expertise of the individual. To avoid unnecessary breakdown of the vehicle due to starting system problem which cause monetary loss to individuals and overcome the problem of dependent on the expertise individual, in this study, a fuzzy logic based fault detection and diagnosis system has been developed. For this purpose information of current and voltage values of starting system with various fault conditions are acquired by conducting set of tests on vehicles and practiced using fuzzy logic fault diagnosis system (FLFDS). A graphical user interface (GUI) software is also developed using MATLAB® GUI software and it is interfaced with PIC18F4520 controller for implementation on petrol and diesel cars. With the help of this electronic control unit, starting system faults like starter motor brush fault, armature fault, field winding fault, short circuit fault, battery fault and open circuit fault can be detected for further corrective action. The developed graphical user interface (GUI) software was tested (off-board) using sample data obtained from real time starting system and validated these results (on-board) using the developed electronic control unit by conducting field trials on petrol and diesel cars.

In an interconnected power system, low frequency electromechanical oscillations are initiated by normal small changes in system loads, and they become much worse following a large disturbance. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices are widely recognized as powerful controllers for damping power system oscillations. The standard FACTS controllers are linear controllers which may not guarantee acceptable performance or stability in the event of a major disturbance. To overcome the drawbacks of conventional controllers, ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) control scheme has been developed in this paper, and it has been applied for the external coordinated control of series connected FACTS controllers known as Static Synchronous Series Compensators (SSSCs) employed in a multimachine power system. In neuro-fuzzy control method, the simplicity of fuzzy systems and the ability of training in neural networks have been combined. The training data set the parameters of membership functions in fuzzy controller. This ANFIS can track the given input-output data in order to conform to the desired controller. Simulation studies carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment demonstrate that the proposed ANFIS based SSSC controller shows the improved damping performance as compared to conventional SSSC based damping controllers under different operating conditions.

After the victory of Islamic revolution in February 1979, the codification of laws and regulations\nappropriate to religion of Islam and conforming of present laws to religious requirements was a\nnecessary and inevitable matter, hence the principle ruling on economical system also required\nthe fundamental changes take place in economical structure and banking system should be\nreviewed that is considered one of the basic pillars of the economy.\nConsidering the paying and receiving unlawfulness of Usury and the prohibition of usury based\ntransaction in sacred Islamic religion, the previous banking law in view of having the usury\nelement was included in the laws must have been amended.\nFirst step of legislator was revealed in removing the usury in the constitution that is emphasized\nin the 4th principle of conformity need of all civil, punitive, financial, economical laws with\nIslamic requirements in general and in the 5th paragraph of article 43, usury prohibition and other\nwrong and unlawful transactions, in particular.\nIn the way of mentioned principle in the constitution, the ‘law of usury free bank operation’ was\nenacted by Islamic consultative assembly of Iran on 8/6/1362 and confirmed/certified following\nthat by Guardian council of Iran.\nBased on this law the relation between depositors and the bank in the shape of contract signing\nand relations between bank and individuals who get facilities from bank to do business have\nbeen anticipated in the shape of ‘contract conclusion’. Attorney ship signing and contract of\nbailment both are from specified contracts and its regulations and commandments have been\nexplained in the civil law of Iran. Hence, as per the law of usury free bank operation, the banks\ngrant the collected deposits to the persons intend to do business in the shape of bailment of\ncapital signing by collecting the deposits of the depositors and as the attorney on their behalf.\nThe banks in addition to paying interest/profit to depositors as per their time duration and\ndeposited amount, also receive interest from Bailee (investor). In this article, the bank relation\nwith depositors in view of attorney-ship rules as well as the relation of bank and the bailee with\ncontract of bailment have conformed and compared in the civil law and its difficulties have been\ndiscussed to aware from the amount of success of legislators they acquired to achieve their goals\nthat is the elimination of usury in banking.

In Ubiquitous and pervasive computing systems, In addition to advising the surrounding environment and following the changes (such as user location, time, resources, digital equipment) An Application have to adjust its performance in order to more compatibility with the new situation. So almost all of common Informative Context-aware systems are organized based on database systems and try to improve the mechanisms that are used in database systems. One of the most important topics in ubiquitous systems, especially context-aware systems, is preparation of them in general form for all of the available networks specially MANETs (Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks). Selecting this approach in an unpredictable environment such as MANETs is a key strategy in order to developing the software systems. In this paper, our method in the name Energy-efficient Context Aware System (ECAS) will provides an effective and quick indexed technique to respond to the queries in a desire context aware system, by focusing on power consumption. Evaluating and Simulation of the mentioned method has been done by J-Sim simulator and effectiveness of this method in decreasing the significant amount of power consumption has been proved.

This work deals with simulation and implementation of UPQC system to improve the power quality in multibus system. The UPQC system is modeled using the elements of Simulink and it is simulated using MATLAB. A sag is created by applying a heavy load at the receiving end. The sag is compensated by using the UPQC. The harmonics required at the receiving end are supplied by the inverter part of UPQC. The DC required by the UPQC is supplied by Solar cell and Boost converter system. The hardware is fabricated and tested. The experimental results are compared with simulation results.

The uniqueness of the problem of sustainability becomes more complex when dynamic quantitative variables are components of the model in design. In a natural resource management scenario, sustainability becomes more challenging when one considers the variables like people, time, place, quantity, depletion, degradation, regeneration, and threshold. The dynamic relationship of these variables in deciding the truth value of sustainability is the focus of the study. Time, quantity, depletion, degradation, regeneration and threshold are taken into account for the study.